What technological advancement helps electric vehicles communicate with the power grid?

Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology enables electric vehicles to communicate with the power grid, facilitating two-way energy exchange. This technology allows electric vehicles not only to draw power for charging but also to send excess energy stored in their batteries back to the grid when needed. This communication capability ensures that the grid can balance supply and demand effectively, which is increasingly important as more renewable energy sources are integrated into the power system. Additionally, V2G technology enhances grid resilience by providing a backup energy source during peak demand periods.

The other options focus on different aspects of electric vehicles' technology. Wireless charging technology pertains to the method of charging vehicles without physical connectors, which does not impact communication with the grid. Battery recycling technology is concerned with the end-of-life management of vehicle batteries and sustainability practices, rather than real-time interactions with the power system. Advanced navigation systems improve route efficiency and driving experience but do not facilitate the energy communication required for grid interactions. Thus, V2G technology is uniquely positioned as the technological advancement that allows for effective communication between electric vehicles and the power grid.