How does the weight of an electric vehicle influence its range?

The weight of an electric vehicle significantly affects its range primarily because heavier vehicles require more energy to propel them. When a vehicle's weight increases, the electric motor has to work harder to overcome inertia, especially during acceleration and driving on inclines. This additional energy demand can deplete the battery more quickly, thereby reducing the total distance the vehicle can travel on a single charge.

As the vehicle's mass increases, the energy consumption needed for basic functions such as accelerating, braking, and maintaining speed also rises. This increase in energy consumption often leads to a lower efficiency rate in utilizing the available battery power, which can directly translate into a diminished driving range. Thus, understanding the impact of weight is crucial for the design and operation of electric vehicles to maximize their efficiency and range.